Irish Class, November 21, 2011

Rang Gaeilge, 21ú lá Mí na Samhna 2011

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Fadas: áéíóúÁÉÍÓÚ

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Verbal Mimicry

Fréamshamhail “Prototype”

Ar briseadh an fhuinneog?	Was the window broken? / Did someone break the window?
Níor briseadh.	It was not broken.
Bhrisinn fuinneogaí blianta ó shin.	I used to break windows years ago.
Ach ní bhrisfinn fuinneog anois.	But I would not break a window now.

Ar oladh caife ansin?	Was coffee drunk there?
Níor oladh.	It was not drunk
Ní olainn caife blianta ó shin.
Ach olfainn caife anseo.

Nár díoladh beoir anseo?	Wasn’t beer sold here?
Díoladh inné.	It was.
Dhíoladh Séan beoir anuraidh.	Sean was selling beer last year.
Dhíolfadh sé beoir arís inniu.	He would sell beer again today.

Ar cruinníodh na leabhair?	Were the books collected?
Níor cruinníodh.	They were not collected.
Chruinníteá na leabhair blianta ó shin.	You used to collect the books years ago.
Chruinnfeoinn na leabhair anois.

Ar Osclóidh an fhuinneog an tseachtain seo caite
Níor osclóidh.
D’osclaíodh Cáit an doras gach lá.
Ní osclódh sí an doras ar maidin.	She would not open the door in the morning.

• For verbs beginning with a vowel, Ní cancels the prefix d’ in the past, past habitual,
  and conditional forms.

• For irregular verbs the conditional is based on the future.

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  chonachtas	it was seen	p aut of feic
  fuarthas	it was gotten	p aut of faigh

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“Fronting” for Emphasis

Take a Tá-type sentence, use a copula front end for the most important part followed by a relative clause for the
rest. The relative clause begins with a + [lenited verb], a d‘oscail mé. The
independent form of the verb is used, a bhí, a tá → atá.

[not Shakespeare]

Scríobh Stephen King “Cujo” le peann.	Stephen Kind wrote “Cujo” with a pen.
Is é Stephen King a scríobh “Cujo”.	Stephen King wrote “Cujo”.
Is é “Cujo” a scríobh Stephen King.	Stephen King wrote “Cujo.”	[He didn’t write “Hamlet.”]
Is le peann a scríobh Stephen King “Cujo”.	Stephen King wrote “Cujo” with a pen.	[not a pencil or a typewriter]
Is é Stephen King an t-údar a scríobh “Cujo.”	Stephen King is the author who wrote “Cujo”	Uses a complete copula contruction. More of an explanation than emphasis.

Similarly with negatives, questions, past/conditional, etc

Ba é Shakespeare a scríobh “Hamlet.”	It was Shakespeare who wrote Hamlet.
Ar nathair a mharaigh Cleopatra?	What it a snake that killed Cleoparts

The copula may be in the present tense even if the event was in the past.

Is bád nua a cheannaigh mé an tseachtain seo caite.	I bought a new boat last week.
Is eisean a dhíol an bád sin dhom inné.	He sold me that boat yesterday

Feicim an bhean a phóg mé.	I see the woman I kissed/ I see the woman who kissed me.	Some ambiguity between subject and object
‘s í an bhean a phóg mé.	She is the woman I kissed/ She the woman who kissed me.

Bíonn an múinteoir ar scoil ‘chuile lá.	The teacher is at school every day.
Is é an muinteoir a bhíonn ar scoil ‘chuile lá.	The teacher is at school every day.
Is ar scoil a bhíonn an múinteoir ‘chuile lá.	The teacher is at schoolat school every day.
is ‘chuile lá a bhíonn an múinteoir ar scoil.	The teacher is at school every dayevery day.

Tá sé eilifint.	It’s an elephant.
Eilifint is ea é.	It’s an elephant.	Fronting with the indefinite use of the copula.
An tusa a cheannaigh carr nua?	You bought a new car?
Is an codhladh atá sí.	She’s sleeping.
Is í an banaltra nua a shuig ar an othar go timpiste.	The new nurse accidentally sat on the patient.

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Scéal

baile beag	small town
taobh thoir Locha Pipen	East side of Lake Pepin
Mo bhean chéile agus mé agus roinnt cairde chuaigh ann Dé Sathairn.	My wife and I and some friends went there on Saturday.
Tá fear saibhir in a chónai i Alma
Thóg sé iarsmalann.	He built a museum.
Is é Schlossstein ainm an fhir.	The name of the man is Schlossstein.
Thug sé a ainm an iarsmalann.	He gave the museum his name
ach as Bearla, Castlerock. Bheadh ​​sé Caisleán Cloiche as Gaeilge,
Tá sé iaramallan airm agus armúir.
ó aimsir na Rómhánach go dtí tráth Cromwell	from Roman times to the time of Cromwell.
na Meánaoiseanna	the middle ages
an Renaissance
Claíomh	sword	m1 pl claimhte
scian	knife	f2 sceana
sleá	spear	f4 pl sleánna
gunnaí d’aois	old guns
Chuaigh muid abhaile sa tráthnóna.	We went home in the afternoon.
Bhí mé ag tiomáint an gluaisteán
Tá Alma ó dheas de Minneapolis	Alma is south of Minneapolis.
mar sin báisteach air ar dtús	so it rained at first.
flichshneahta	sleet	m4
ach go luath tháinig flichshneachta, agus ansin sneachta.	but soon came sleet, and then snow.
Bhi muid ar Wisconsin bóthar mór Cúig is Tríocha (Ní I-Cúig is Tríocha).
Ní raibh sé sábháilte.	It was not safe.
Sciorr an carr uaireanta.	The car skidded sometimes
Thiomáin mé go mall.
Tar éis a bhí muid abhaile D’ól mé gloine uisce beatha.

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buaigh	win
banaltra fir	male nurse	[!]
haca	hockey
oighear	ice	m1
Iomáint oighir	hockey	“ice hurling”
caithead amach	was thrown out
puball	tent	m1
dochreidthe	incredible	a3
réiteach	solution
go gairid	soon
le gairid	recently
Tiochfaidh	will come	fut. of tar
go timpiste, de thimpiste	accidentlally
de léim	while jumping