Irish workshop, July 2010

Ceardlann, 17ú lá Mí na Iúil, 2010

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Fadas: áéíóúÁÉÍÓÚ

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Some details from Gaeltacht Minnesota‘s
Weekend in Winona — Saturday morning and early afternoon

Ar ith tú?	Did you eat?	No D´
Thug mé an leabhar do Sheáin.	I gave the book to Sean.
An é an leabhar a thug mé do Sheáin.	Is it the book I gave to Sean?
Is é an leabhar a thug mé do Sheáin.	It is the book I gave to Sean.
Cá do a thug mé an leabhar?	To whom did I give the book?
Ba é Seán.
Cheannaigh mé carr inné ó Mháire.	I bought a car yesterday from Máire.
An gceanníonn tú carr?	Are you buying a car?

The past tense. From Friday night:

• Regular verbs use Ar/Níor/gur/nar
• Irregular verbs use An/Ní/go/nach

An ndéain siad [go/nach]	Did they [not] do…
Ar thit tú [gur/nar]	Did you [not] fall …

An modh coinníollach — The conditional mode

• bí “be”

  bheinn	I would be
  bheifeá	You would be
  hheadh sé/sí	He/she would be
  bheimis	We would be
  bheadh sibh	You all would be
  bheidís	The would be

• dún “shut” [1^st conjugation]

  dhúnfainn	I would shut
  dhúnfá	You would shut
  dhúnfadh sé/sé	He/she would shut
  dhúnfaimis	We would shut
  dhúnfadh sibh	You all would shut
  dhúnfaidís	They would shut

  buail “hit” [1^st conjugation]

  bhuailfinn	I would hit
  bhuailfeá	You would hit
  bhuailfeadh sé/sí	He/she would hit
  bhuailimis	We would het
  bhuailfeadh sibh	You all would hit
  bhuaifidis	They would hit

• bailigh “gather” [2^nd conjugation]

  bhaileoinn	I would gather
  bhaileofá	You would gather
  bhaileodh sé/sí	He/she would gather
  bhaileoimis	We would gather
  bhaileodh sibh	You all would gather
  bhaileoidís	They would gather

An té a bhuailfeadh mo mhadra, bhuailfeadh sé mé féin. [seanfhocal]	Who would hit my dog would hit me.
An dtabharfá an leabhar sin dom, más é do thoil é?	Would you give that book to me, if you please.
Mholfainn duit an obair a dhéanamh anois.	I would advise you to do the work now.
Cé a chennódh an seancharr sin uaitse?	Who would by a used [old] car from you?
Cad a dhéanfa dá mbeadh lá saoire agat?	What would you do if you had a day off [free]?
“Osclóidh mé an oifig ar a hocht a chlog,” arsa Liam.	“I will open the office at 8 o’clock,” said Liam.
Dúirt Liam go n-osclódh sé an oifig ar a hocht a chlog.	Liam said he would open the office at 8 o’clock.
“Ní fhaca mé ag an gcruinniú thú,” arsa Nóra le hÚna.	“I did not see you at the meeting,” said Nora to Una
Dúirt Nóra le hÚna nach bhfaca sí ag an gruinniú.	Nora said to Una she did not see Una at the meeting
“Níor ith mé bia ná níor ól mé deoch ó mhaidin,” arsa ab strainséir	“I have not eaten food or drank a drink since morning,” said the stranger.
Dúirt an strainséir nar ith sé bia ná nár ól sé deoch ó mhaidin.	The stranger said he had not eaten food or drank a drink since morning.

Notes.

• Object pronouns and adjective generally migrate to the end of a sentence.
• abair is irregular, hence go/nach.
• No d’   for past tense following níor/nár.

I would go; you would buy; he would sell; we would see; they would give	rachainn; cheanófá; dhíolfadh sé; d’fheicfimis;tharfaidis
Would you come? Would he eat; They would not say [Would they not say?]	An dtiocfá? An iosfadh sé? Ní ndéarfaimis? [nach?]
I would advise you to home right now.	Mhofainn duit dul abhaile anois díreach.
An honest man would not break his word, would he?	Ní bhrisfeadh fearr macánta a fhocal, bheadh [bhrisfeadh?] sé.
Would you write that down for me, if you please?	Scíobhfá é sin síos dom, le do thoil?
You would think that everyone would hear the story.	Ba dhóig leat go gcloisfeadh gach duine an scéal.

té	person (who)
ar feadh an lae	all day lone

The conditional is built on the future. It always uses go/nach and eclipses.

future rachaidh mé I will go rachaidh tú You will go rachaidh sé/s/i He/she will go rachaimid We will go rachaidh sibh You all will go rachaidh siad They will go

conditional rachainn I would go rachfá You would go rachadh sé/sí He/she would go rachaimis We would go rachadh sibh You all would go rachaidis They would go

D’fheicimis thú dá mbeifeá ann.	We would see you if you would be there.	Double conditional
gheobhainn	I would get	independent

Indirect speech and the copula

• Present tense: gur and nach, but gurb (usually) before vowels.
• Past tense: gur and nár, gurbh and nárbh before vowels

Is múinteoir a athair.	His father is a teacher
Ní ainmhí mór an coinín.	The rabbit is not a large animal
Is é Seán an dochtúir.	Sean is the doctor.
is álainn an lá é.	It is a lovely day
Is ea/Ní hea	It is/It is not

Present Deir sé gur múinteoir a athair. He says that his father is a teacher Deir sé nach ainmhí mór an coinín. He says that the rabbit is not a large animal Deir sé gurb é Seán an dochtúir. He says that Sean is the doctor. Deir sé gurb álainn an lá é. He says that it is a lovely day Deir sé gurb ea/Deir sé nach ea He says that it is/It is not

Past Dúirt sé gur múinteoir a athair. He said that his father is a teacher Dúirt sé nach ainmhí mór an coinín. He said that the rabbit is not a large animal Dúirt sé gurb é Seán an dochtúir. He said that Sean is the doctor. Dúirt sé gurb álainn an lá é. He said that it is a lovely day Dúirt sé gurb ea/Dúirt sé nach ea He said that it is/it is not

Conditional Clauses with má and dá and mura.

má	if	Possible: Followed by indicative when main clause is in the imperative or indicative.
dá	if	Impossible/unlikely: Followed by conditional when main clause is in the conditional
mura	if not

Má thagann sé gheobhaidh sé an post.	If he comes he will get the position.
Dá tiocfadh sé gheobhadh sé an post.	If he had come he would have got the position.

Má tá Gaeilge agat, labhair í.	If you have Irish, speak it.
Rachaid mé leat má bhíonn an aimsir go breá.	I’ll go with you if the weather is fine.
Má chloisim an scéal inseoidh mé duit é.	If I hear the news (story) I’ll tell you.
Mura dtagann sé go luath ná bac leis.	If he doesn’t come early, don’t bother with him.
Mura bhfuair sé é go léir, fuair sé cuid de.	If he didn’t get it all he got some of it.
Dá gcloisfinn an scéal, d’inseoinn duit é.	If I had heard the news I would have told you.
Mura bhfeicfeá é, chreidfeá é.	If you would not have seen it, you would not have believed it.

Má and dá with the copula

With the copula má becomes más in the present and
má ba in the past. With the copula dá becomes
dá mba.

Ól é más maith leat é.	Drink it if you like it.
Ná hól é mura maith leat é.	Don’t drink it if you do not like it.
D’ólfa é dá mba mhaith leat é.	You would drink it if you had liked it.

Comhrá “Conversation”

Bríd:	D’fhág fear an phoist an cárta seo duit, a Thomáis.
Tomás Óg:	Domsa! Cé a scríobhfadh chugamsa? Is ó Bhrian Óg Ó Gráda é.
Bríd:	Nach deas sin. Cad a deir sé?
Tomás Óg:	Deir sé go bhfuil an saol go breá, go mbíonn sé ag snámh agus bádóireacht agus labhairt na Gaeilge.
Bríd:	Cad a deir sé faoina mhuintir? An bhfuil siad go maith?
Tomás Óg:	Tá siad go léir a fheabhas. “They are all much better.”
Bríd:	An bhfuil aon scéal eile?
Tomás Óg:	Seo aguisín [“postscript”] leis an gcárta. Deir sé go bhfuil súil [“eye, hope”] aige go bhfuil Bran go maith.

Our assignment was to put all of this into the conditional. The result is rather strange.

Comhrá “Conversation”

Bríd:	D’fhácfadh fear an phoist an cárta seo duit, a Thomáis.
Tomás Óg:	Domsa! Cé a scríobhfadh chugamsa? Ba ó Bhrian Óg Ó Gráda é.
Bríd:	Nach bheadh deas sin. Cad a déarfadh sé?
Tomás Óg:	Déarfadh sé go bhfeadh an saol go breá, go mbeadh sé ag snámh agus bádóireacht agus labhairt na Gaeilge.
Bríd:	Cad a déarfadh sé faoina mhuintir? An mbeadh [/me:x/] siad go maith?
Tomás Óg	Bheidis go leir ar fheabhas.
Bríd:	An mbeadh aon scéal eile?
Tomás Óg:	Seo aguisín leis an gcárta. Déarfach go mbeadh súil aige go mbeadh Bran go maith.