Irish Class, October 26, 2009

Rang Gaeilge, an 26ú lá Mí Dheireadh Fómhair 2009

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Fadas: áéíóúÁÉÍÓÚ

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Listening Exercise — Words or simple phrases: Paraphrase/Explain

1. Seanduine “old person”

   • Fear nó bean, an bhfuil go leor blianta d’aois aige.
   • Níl sé óg.
   • Ní hé duine óg é. [copula construction]

   aois

   age

   f2

2. Droch-aimsir “Bad weather”

   • Fuar agus fliuch um Nollaig.
   • Ró-te nó ró-fuar nó ró-fliuch agus araile.

   um	around
   Nollaig	Christmas	f2

3. Athblian “Next Year”

   • Na dhá mhí déag seo chugainn. “The coming 12 months.”
   • Dhá míle déag. “2010”

4. Dea-chomharsa “Good neighbor”

   • Duine deas in a chónai in aice leatsa.

5. Mo chlann clainne “My grandchildren”

   • Na páistí mo chlainn féin. “The children of my own children.

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Puzzle from last class — continued

Réitigí gach ceann an na tomhais seo a leanas ar leith, agus líonaigí na bearnaí le
cheile an freagra iomlán a réiteach.

réitigh	solve
tomhas	puzzle
lean	follow
iomlán	complete
ar leath	apart, distinct
líon	fill
bearna	gap	f4 pl bearnaí

1. Tá cúigear páistí agam, ‘chuile acu chomh beag agus is féidir leo a bheith beirthe
   suas le chéile ar lámh amháin go gualainn glan. Cé mise? géag.

   Tá cúigear páistí agam	I have five children
   chomh	as, so
   ‘chuile	each, all	←gach uile
   ‘chuile acu chomh beag	all of them so small
   beirte	born	va of beir
   lamh	hand
   gualainn	should
   go gualainn glan	clear of the shoulder [lift up cleanly]

2. Tá mé in ann athrach píosa ruda shalach i bpíosa ruda mhilis. Is bualadh an hata mé
   a thionlacan an ghutha. Cé mise? fada.
   

   athrach	change, alteration, alternative
   Tá mé in ann athrach	I am able to change
   píosa	piece
   píosa ruda shalach i bpíosa ruda mhilis	a piece of something dirty into a piece of something sweet	caca → cáca
   bualadh	beating, striking
   bualadh an hata	tip of the hat
   tionlacan	accompaniment, escort
   guth	voice, utterance	m3
   guta	vowel	m4
   Is bualadh an hata mé a thionlacan an ghutha.	I am the tip of the hat that accompanies the vowel.

3. Tá ar chuile dhuine mé a leanúint, agus níl aon leithscéal á ghabháil mura
   bhfuil aithne agat orm. Cé mise? dlí

   leanúint	following, pursuit
   Tá ar chuile dhuine mé a leanúint	Everyone must follow me
   agus níl aon leithscéal á ghabháil	no excuse is given
   aithne	acquaintance, knowledge [of a person]
   mura bhfuil aithne agat orm	if you do not know me

Géag fhada an
dlí “Long arm of the law” [See part 1 from last week]

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From the game

fiteáite	fit	[physically]
dúdhonn	dark brown

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Lenition and Eclipsis with Direct and Indirect Relative Clauses – a Toe Dipping.

A relative clause is a clause that modifies a noun. Here are some examples:

1. The man who lives in town.
2. A tree that gives us shade.
3. Seven books (that are) lying on the table.

In Irish, the verb in such a clause is either lenited or eclipsed, depending on certain factors.

One of those factors is if there is a preposition involved, as is the case in the first and
third example clauses above.

If you have a relative clause with a verb that incorporates a preposition, like:

éist leis
breathnaigh air
tabhair faoi.

Then the verb is eclipsed.
This is called an indirect relative clause.

Céard a n-éisteann sibh leis?
Cheannaigh mé an scanainn a mbreathnóidh siad air.
Cuir síos, le do thoil, an turas a a tug tú faoi.

A verb that begins with a vowel prefixes n– to show eclipsis.

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