Irish Class, January 10, 2011

Rang Gaeilge, 10ú lá mí Eanáir 2011

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Fadas: áéíóúÁÉÍÓÚ

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tuigtear	it is understood
ionsaigh	attack	v ionsaíodh “had been attacked”
roinnt uaireanta	several times
le déanaí	of later
ar son	for the sake of, on behalf of
bille	bill, currency note	m4
leasú	amendment, reform
bun	basis, bottom
athrú	change
mangaire	dealer, hawker, pedlar	m4
fealsúnacht	philosophy	f3
craoltóireacht	broadcasting
áireamh	counting, reckoning
lucht	class, group	[of people with something in common]
lucht éisteachta	listeners	(of a radio station)

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Baisteadh an Hata “The baptism of the hat”

• Bhí file ina chónaí thiar in Iorras Lonnáin fadó a dtugtaí Micheál Mac Saibhne air, agus chum sé
  píosaí breátha filíochta. Bhí sé ina chainteoir maith freisin agus lá amháin casadh sagart dó agus bhí sé
  ar a chosán ag gabháil bealach sléibhe. Labhair an sagart leis agus labhraíodar féin le chéile ach ní
  raibh a fhios ag an sagart gur file a bhí i Micheál agus thairis sin ní raibh a fhíos aige gur chaith
  Micheál píosa ag dul ar coláiste sagartóireachta é féín — agus thosaigh sé ag cur ceisteanna ar Mhicheál
  faoina chreideamh.

  Baisteadh	baptism
  thiar	(in the) west
  Iorras Lonnáin
  fadó	long ago
  tabhair	give, assign, take
  a dtugtaí Micheál Mac Saibhne air	called Michael McSweeney	“given Michael McSweeney on him
  cum	shape, form, compose
  píosa	piece, bit, patch
  breá	fine, excellent	npl, comp breátha
  filíocht	poetry	f3
  cainteoir	speaker, talker	m3
  casadh	twist, turn, reproach	m1
  dó	to him	← do + é
  cas do = cas ar	meet, bump into
  cosán	path, footway, passage	m1
  gabh	take, catch, go	vn gabháil “going”
  bealach	way, pass, road	m1
  sliabh	mountain, moor	m gs sléibhe
  labhair	speak	v 2 labhraíodar “they spoke” (Munster)
  tairis	stand, stop, stay, abide, remain
  caith	wear (out), spend, consume, throw, cast, shoot
  chaith píosa	spent a piece [of time]
  coláiste	college	m4
  óireacht	assembly, gathering	m
  tosaigh	begin, start
  faoina	about his	faoi + a
  creideamh	faith, belief, religion	m1

• Ach sa deireadh d’fhiafraigh sé de Mhícheál: ‘An bhfuil tú in ann baisteadh a dhéanamh,’ a dúirt sé.

  deireadh
  fiafraigh	ask, inquire
  baisteadh	baptism	m gs baiste, pl baistí
  An bhfuil tú in ann baisteadh a dhéanamh?	Are you able to do a a baptism?

• ‘Thriailfinn leis,’ a deir Micheál, ‘sin le haghaidh baisteadh urláir a dhéanamh.’

  trail	test, try
  Thriailfinn leis	I would try it	conditional
  le haghaidh	for (the use/purpose) of
  urlár	floor
  baisteadh urláir = baisteadh tuatu	lay baptism

• ‘Maith go leor, mar sin,’ a deir an Sagart. Bhain sé a hata dá cheann agus leag sé an hata síos ar an
  talamh, i lom lár an chriathraigh agus dúirt sé: ‘Baist mo hata, mar sin.’

  bain de	take off (an article of clothing)
  mar sin	like that, parenthetical then
  dá	off his	do/de + a
  leag	lower, lay, set
  talamn	ground, earth	f
  lom	lay bare, strip, become bare
  lár	ground, floor, middle, center	m1
  criathrach	bog, honeycombed place
  baist	baptize

• Fuair Micheál boslach mór uisce agus chaith sé síos sa hata é, agus dúirt sé: ‘Baistim do hata,’ a deir
  sé, ‘gan cholainn, gan cheann, gan anáil, gan anam, gan arra ar bith ann. A bhéal os a chionn, is cúl a
  chinn faoi ar lár. Agus gan diabhal a fhios agamsa,’ a deir sé, ‘an í an olann í a bhí ar an gcaora ghlas nó
  ar an gcaora bhán.’

  faigh	get	p fuair
  boslach	handful	m1
  Baistim do hata	I baptise your hat
  collain	body, trunk	f2
  anáil	breath	f3
  anam	soul, life	m3
  arra = earra	goods, possessions
  béal	mouth
  os	over, above
  ceann	head, roof	ds cionn, gs npl cinn
  os chionn	over, above, more than, hanging voer
  A bhéal os a chionn	Its mouth above its head
  cúl	back, rear	m1
  is cúl a chinn faoi ar lár	and the back of its head down on the ground
  Agus (gan) diabhal a fhios agamsa	And the devil if I know
  olann	wool
  caora	sheep
  bán	white

• ‘Á, seafóid,’ a deir an sagart, agus rug sé ar an hata ‘s d’imigh sé leis, ach bhí an hata fliuch báite ag
  Micheál.

  beir	bear, take, catch, bring	p rug
  imigh	go, leave
  d’imigh sé leis	off he went himself
  fliuch	wet
  baigh	drown, sink	va báite
  ag Micheál	by Michael	ag for agency

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The Copula: Abairtí aicme “Classification Sentences”

In these the copula Is (or one of its variants) is not immediately followed by
a pronoun (é, é, iad, etc. It is directly followed by an indefinite noun:

Is + indefinite noun + definite subject of the sentence

Is madra é sin.	That is a dog.
Is amadán é Joe.	Joe is a fool.
Is bean rialta í.	She is a nun.
Is saighdiúirí iad.	They are soldiers.
Is duine deas mé (mise).	I am a nice person.
Is buachaill beag é.	He is a small boy.

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From Will’s handout.

The indefinite part is the classification — as a dog, a small boy, etc. — and will not have an article, of
course. The definite part is the subject of the sentence. We consider the following things definite:

1. Any of the personal pronouns: sí, é, mé, and so on.
2. A proper noun or name, which includes
3. Phrases of the sort, teach an tsagart, “the priest’s house.” Basically, when the phrase includes a
   noun in the genitive, it becomes definite.
4. Any noun preceded by the definite articles an or na,
   including those that involve seo, sin, etc.
5. Any noun preceded by the possessive: mo mhadra, ár gcarr.

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tá vs. is

Tá Seán go deas.	Sean is nice.	(one noun)
Is duine deas é Seán.	Sean is a nice person.	(two nouns

Consider

Is amadán é Joe. “Joe is a fool.”

The pronoun é is not optional. It forms a unit with “Joe”

“In a copula sentence, a definite noun is preceded by the corresponding
pronoun, and the two of them form a unit.”

Statement/Question Forms

Is madra é.	It is a dog.
Ní madra é.	It is not a dog.
An madra é?	Is it a dog?
Nach madra é?	Isn’t it a dog?
Is éin iad.	They are birds	éan “bird” m1
Ní éin iad.	They are not birds.
An éin iad?	Are they birds?
Nach éin iad?	Aren’t they birds?
An uachtarán é Obama?	Is Obama a president?
Ní aisteoir í Sarah Palin.	Sarah Palin is not an actor

The special answer form: ea

This was an old neuter pronoun. When you have a classification question like those in the previous
table, there are only two possible answers.

• Is ea = ‘Sea — affirmative. Pronounced /s’æ/
• Ní hea — negative

Note that after Ní pronouns beginning with a vowel are preceded by h.
This is not the case for most nouns.

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