Irish Class, September 22, 2008

Rang Gaeilge, 22ú lá Mí Mheán Fómhair 2008

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Fadas: áéíóúÁÉÍÓÚ

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The number 22 is fiche dó. Informally “the 22^nd” is fiche dó ú.
The correct form for “the 22^nd day” is an dara lá is [agus] fiche.

Miscellaneous vocabulary

fíorchaoin	hearty
roimh	before, in front of
fáilte roimh	welcome to
An Modh Coinníollach	The conditional mode
Má nach raibh an t-eolas agat	If you did not know it (?)
foghlaí mara	pirate

An Modh Coinníollach — The conditional mood.

The basic recipe, neglecting the synthetic forms (coming next week).

1. Form the simple past. Starting with the root:
1. Lenite an initial consonant
2. Prefix an initial vowel with d’
3. If the result of (1) above begins
   fh-,
   prefix it with d’, since fh is
   silent.
2. Add the suffix:
   • 1^st conjugation verbs: Add -fadh/feadh . The f is silent.
   • 2^nd conjugation verbs: Add -ódh/eodh .

The conditional is used to describe situations that are hypothetical or contrary to fact, where
English uses the word “would.”

Related vocabulary

séimhiú	mellowing, lenition (m4)
Cuir séimhiú ar focal	Lenite a word. Lit. “Put lenition on a word.”
urú	eclipse, eclipsis (m4)

1st conjugation: glan “clean”	→ ghlanfadh sé “He would clean”
2nd conjugation: ceannaigh “buy”	→ cheannódh sí “She would buy”

Cheannódh is normally pronounced /x’ano:x/, but when followed by sé/sí/sibh/siad it is
pronounced /x’ano:t/, e.g. cheannódh sí /x’ano:t si:/. The same rule applies to all other
<!– 2^nd conjugation –> verbs, both conjugations.

Conditional for irregular verbs

Recipe:

1. Start with the stem of the future tense form, if it is different from the root. Otherwise start
   with the root.
2. Treat the result like a 1^st conjugation verb.
3. Dá “if” (pron. /γa:/) eclipses. When preceded by dá the verb is eclipsed
   rather than lenited.

Dá is the form of “if” with the conditional

tar “come”	tiocfaidh sé “he will come”	thiofadh sé “he would come”	Dá dtiochfadh sé “If he would come”
teigh “go”	rachaid sí “she will go”	rachadh sí “she would go”	Dá rachadh sí “If she would go”
feic “see, look”		d’fheicfeadh sí “she would look”	Dá bhfeicfeadh sí “If she would look”
clois “hear”		chloidfeadh sé “he would hear”	dá gcloisfeadh sé “if he would hear
déan “do”		dhéanfadh sí“she would do”	dá ndéanfadh “if she would do”
abair “say, speak”	déarfaidh sé “he will speak”	déarfadh sé “he would speak”	Dá ndéafadh sé “If he would speak”
beir “bear, bring, take”	béafaidh sí “she will bear”	bhéarfadh sí “she would bear”	Dá mbéarfadh sí “If she would bear”
faigh “get”	gheobhaidh sé “he will get” (independent) /y’o:ax/	bhfaigheadh sé “he would get”	Dá bhfaighead sé “if he would get” /waiə/
ith “eat”	íosfaidh sí “she will eat	d’íosfadh sí “she would eat”	Dá n-íosfadh sí “if she would eat”
tabhair “give” /to:r/	tabharfaidh sé “He will give”	thabharfadh sé “He would give”	Dá dtabharfadh sé “if he would give”
bí “be”		bheach sé “he would be” /va:x/,/ve:əx/	Dá mbeach sé “if he would be”
is [copula]		ba	dá mba

An Modh Coinníollach – Abairtí (The conditional mood –
sentences)

tuig → thuig → thuigfeadh
bua	prize
beir bua (ar dhuine)	to triumph (over someone)
ciall	sense, sanity
beir ar do chiall	to get hold of yourself
ith go sláintiúil	to eat healthily
faigh níos mó airgid	to get more money (Note genitive of airgead.
abair go hard	speak loudly

You would understand, if he would get hold of himself.
Thuigfeadh tú, dá mbéarfadh sé ar a chiall.
— (a
chiall—his
senses)

Máire would triumph over Liam, if she were given the chance. (he
gave her the chance)
Bhéarfadh Máire bua ar Liam, dá dtabharfadh sé seans dí (dhí).

— (dtabharfadh /do:wərət/)

He would eat more healthily, if he could get more money.
D’íosfadh sé go slántiúil, dá bhfaighfeach sé níos mó airgid.

— (bhfaighfeach /waiəx/)

She wouldn’t do that, if she were you.
Ní dhéanfadh sí é sin, dá mba sise thú.
— (dhéanfadh sí
/ye:nət si:/). Note the copula

If they would say it (every day) loudly, we would hear the words.
Dá ndéarfadh siad (gach lá) go hard é, chloisfeadh muid na focail.

Sin “that” — adjective rather than pronoun. For English
“that” as pronoun, use sin é,

Ní dhéannfain é sin dá mba mise thú.
I wouldn’t do that, if
I were you. Note the synthetic 1^st person form.

Second person singular synthetic form of conditional: Suffix is -fa,

grúdaigh	brew [beer]
ag grúdu	brewing (verbal noun=present progressive)
faigh	get
ag fáil	getting (verbal noun)